| Mexican citizens enjoy certain special
U.S. immigration privileges pursuant to international treaties
between the U.S. and Mexican governments. Among these privileges
is a special nonimmigrant visa category exclusively for Mexican
citizens, the TN-2 ("TN" stands for "Treaty/NAFTA").
The TN-2 nonimmigrant visa classification was created by the
1992 North American Free Trade Agreement ("NAFTA"),
and applies exclusively to Mexican citizens temporarily entering
the United States to engage in business activities at a professional
level. Unlike the more common H-1B visa classification, the
TN-2 category is only open to Mexican citizens who shall work
in certain pre-designated professions. A shortened list of commonly
used TN visa categories can be viewed by clicking
here.
The great advantage of the TN-2 process is the relative
speed with which this visa status can be acquired. Most TN-2
visa applications may be made directly with a US Embassy or
Consulate without the need for pre-approval by the US Citizenship
and Immigration Services. Typically, Mexican citizens traveling
to the United States from Mexico will apply for their TN-2
visa at a US Embassy or Consulate in Mexico. Many U.S. employers
hiring Mexican citizens find that they can bring their candidates
"on board" (and on U.S. payroll) within a matter
of weeks, rather than the months-long wait that the H-1B or
L-1 visa application process usually requires.
Another advantage of the TN-2 category is that, unlike the H-1B visa category, the TN-2 has no annual limits per fiscal year. In theory, an unlimited number of TN-2 visas can be issued each year. Further, unlike the H-1B or L-1 nonimmigrant visa categories, there is no set "cap" on the amount of time a Mexican citizen may remain in the United States in TN-2 status.
However, the TN-2 is not a panacea for Mexican applicants. Unlike the H-1B visa category's 3-year validity period, TN-2 status may be approved for no more than a one-year period, though TN-2 status may (theoretically) be indefinitely renewed after initial entry. Spouses and children of TN-2 workers are eligible for dependent visas in the TD ("Treaty Dependent") nonimmigrant visa classification. TD spouses and children may not work, though it is possible that TD spouses, if eligible, may independently qualify for their own TN-2 visas.
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) presumes that
all applicants for admission to the United States (including
TN-2 visa applicants) are "intending immigrants". Any foreign
citizen, including TN-2 Mexicans, attempting entry to the
United States may be denied admission unless they can prove
they have no intention of immigrating to the United States.
Though there is an exception to this rule in the case of H-1B
and L-1 visa-holding applicants for admission, TN-2 visa applicants
remain subject to this presumption. Therefore, it is imperative
for all TN-2 visa applicants to understand that they may not
have any intention of immigrating to the United States while
they remain in TN-2 status. Any Mexican citizens who are considering
plans to immigrate to the United States during their stay
should first contact their BAL Attorney or email:
for further details.
NOTE REGARDING ACADEMIC DEGREES: Most, but not all, TN-2
categories require a baccalaureate degree as the qualifying
academic credential. A few categories require an advanced
degree (e.g., Librarian). When a baccalaureate degree is required
for a particular professional category (e.g., Engineer), the
Department of State (DOS) and DHS examining officers will
typically want to see that the TN-2 applicant possesses a
degree from a North American (i.e., Canada, the United States,
or Mexico) academic institution. Should a TN applicant possess
a degree from an academic institution located outside North
America, an evaluation of the foreign degree from a "reliable
credentials evaluation service" must first be obtained.
Some US Consulates in Mexico may require that the TN applicant
present evidence, known as a cedula, which certifies
that the Mexican government recognizes the degree issued by
a Mexican academic institution.
Further, the DOS and DHS will typically expect a TN-2 visa applicant to possess a degree related to the field in which s/he will work in TN-2 status. For example, a Mexican citizen with a Biology degree may not necessarily be considered qualified for TN-2 visa entry if performing professional activities as a Geologist. DOS and DHS may consider that same candidate eligible for TN-2 entry as a Biologist, but only if the candidate will, in fact, perform duties as a Biologist at a professional level. Therefore, please keep in mind that possession of a baccalaureate degree in any one of the fields below will not necessarily guarantee a successful TN-2 visa application, unless the candidate will perform business activities related to their area of academic expertise. There are occasional exceptions to this rule, however, so candidates concerned regarding this issue should contact your BAL Attorney or email:
tn@usabal.com for further details.
- Company and candidate forward to Berry, Appleman & Leiden (BAL) information necessary to begin the case.
- Information and documents are reviewed and organized by BAL. BAL performs legal analysis and develops case strategy
- BAL prepares final documents for company.
- BAL prepares final documents for the candidate's
spouse and children, if included in process (e.g.,
TD visa extension).
- Company and candidate (and family members, if applicable)
review, sign, and return final documents to BAL
- BAL performs a final check of all documents, forms,
and letters.
- BAL sends completed TN-2 "package" (comprised of documents, letters, etc.) to Mexican candidate/ applicant.
- Candidate schedules a visa appointment with the nearest US Embassy or Consulate and personally presents the TN-2 visa application materials at their scheduled interview.
- The US Embassy or Consulate issues a TN-2 visa stamp in candidate’s passport.
- Department of Homeland Security (DHS) officer at the US port of entry issues candidate "I-94" card, allowing candidate to work for U.S. employer for no more than one year.
- BAL provides instructions toward initiation/ continuation
of DHS work authorization.
- Candidate completes DHS Form I-9 and starts work
with company.
- Candidate and family members provide copies of I-94 cards to BAL
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